Original research / Claims ledger

EDITION 1.0.0 · ACCEPTED RESEARCH · SOURCE-LEDGER EDITION · PUBLICATION DATES SHOWN PER RECORD

The claim.
The evidence.
The difference.

Widely repeated statements, checked against their underlying records. A selected evidence ledger that preserves uncertainty, corrections and the difference between observation and interpretation.

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2supported

6contradicted

9overstated

20unresolved

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Claims, assessments and attribution
Claim	Assessment	Attribution
A full six days passed between the genesis block (block 0) and block 1.	overstated	Bitcoin Wiki Publication date not established
Satoshi deliberately made the genesis block reward unspendable.	unresolved	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
The genesis address 1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa is unspendable, so anything sent to it is lost.	unresolved	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
Satoshi mined about one million bitcoin in 2009–2010.	unresolved	Sergio Demian Lerner (Bitslog); Whale Alert 2019-04-16T16:47:24.000Z
The Patoshi blocks are Satoshi Nakamoto's blocks.	unresolved	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
The Patoshi miner ran at least 48 computers.	unresolved	Whale Alert Publication date not established
The first Bitcoin transaction to Hal Finney happened on 11 January 2009.	overstated	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
Satoshi Nakamoto sent the first Bitcoin transaction to Hal Finney (stated as a proven fact).	overstated	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
Satoshi's "kicked the hornet's nest" post of 11 December 2010 was his last public forum message.	contradicted	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
WikiLeaks received about 4,000 BTC in Bitcoin donations.	unresolved	Bitcoin Magazine 2016-12-02T02:54:01.000Z
SatoshiDice accounted for half (or 60%) of all Bitcoin transactions.	unresolved	Federal Reserve Board working paper (Badev and Chen); UCSD "A Fistful of Bitcoins" Publication date not established
SatoshiDice sold for $11.5 million (or $12.4 million) in July 2013.	unresolved	CoinDesk ($11.5m); Bitcoin Magazine ($12.4m) 2013-07-18T12:02:09.000Z
The whitepaper transaction has 945 (or 946, or 947) outputs.	contradicted	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
Satoshi Nakamoto embedded the whitepaper in the blockchain (the upload tools carried his name).	unresolved	The uploader/downloader tools' own labels, as catalogued by Ken Shirriff Publication date not established
El Salvador's Bitcoin Law created the country's bitcoin reserve.	unresolved	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
El Salvador's Bitcoin Law was passed on 9 June 2021 (or 8 June 2021).	unresolved	Wikipedia (9 June); FREOPP full-text edition (8 June) 2021-06-09T06:56:40.000Z
The Counterparty burn window ran for 5,000 blocks, ending on 3 February 2014.	contradicted	Counterparty documentation Publication date not established
Counterparty's proof-of-burn destroyed approximately 2,140 BTC.	overstated	Wikipedia 2014-04-28T17:45:13.000Z
Hal Finney's 10 BTC from the first transaction have never moved.	unresolved	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
The address 12cbQLTFMXRnSzktFkuoG3eHoMeFtpTu3S is Hal Finney's.	unresolved	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
433,468 BTC of Bitfinex hack proceeds moved in April 2021.	contradicted	Merkle Science blog Publication date not established
The 4 July 2025 movement of the eight 2011 wallets was a wallet security upgrade, not a sale.	unresolved	Arkham Intelligence, as reported by The Block Publication date not established
Block 170 contains the first Bitcoin transaction.	unresolved	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
Bitcoin's maximum supply is 21 million BTC.	overstated	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
A Bitcoin halving happens every four years.	overstated	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
Bitcoin Cash increased Bitcoin's block size limit.	unresolved	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
Mt. Gox lost 850,000 BTC.	overstated	Mt. Gox's own 28 February 2014 announcement Publication date not established
MicroStrategy/Strategy has never sold any bitcoin.	contradicted	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
Exchange-traded Bitcoin exposure (the first Bitcoin ETF) began in January 2024.	unresolved	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
QuadrigaCX collapsed because its founder died holding the only keys to its cold wallets.	contradicted	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
The Bitcoin blockchain stores account balances, and coins "move between addresses".	overstated	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
A Bitcoin block is produced every ten minutes.	overstated	Recurring misconception Publication date not established
On 8 February 2022, the U.S. Department of Justice announced recovering more than 94,000 bitcoin associated with the Bitfinex investigation.	unresolved	U.S. Department of Justice Publication date not established
On 5 November 2020, the U.S. Department of Justice announced a civil forfeiture action involving approximately 69,370 bitcoin linked to Silk Road.	unresolved	U.S. Department of Justice Publication date not established
In October 2013, the U.S. Attorney’s Office announced recovering a wallet containing approximately 144,336 bitcoin in the Ulbricht investigation.	supported	U.S. Department of Justice 2013-10-25
Galaxy announced completing a sale of more than 80,000 bitcoin for a Satoshi-era investor in July 2025.	supported	Galaxy Digital 2025-07-25
The accepted catalogue attributes its ONBTC reserve addresses to El Salvador’s National Bitcoin Office.	unresolved	Degrees of Satoshi accepted catalogue Publication date not established

What this study can establish

The corpus contains the existing correction-ledger records and additional primary-source statements. It is not a representative sample of Bitcoin journalism.
Attributed paraphrases are distinguished from recurring misconceptions. Missing publication dates and missing original excerpts remain explicit.
Source retrieval is not factual verification. Each resolved assessment has its own checked evidence and method; unresolved claims are not counted as false.
Company and government announcements establish what their authors reported. They do not independently prove every underlying allegation or ownership attribution.
Assessment history is retained in the dataset. Source changes require editorial review and a new immutable edition.

Cite: Degrees of Satoshi editorial project, “The Bitcoin Claims Ledger,” edition 1.0.0. Include the dataset SHA-256 and observation cutoff from the manifest. Download the independent reference calculation (Node 22; save the four data.json files as their product names beside the script). Aggregate calculations and code are reproducible; third-party sources retain their original rights.

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What this study can establish

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